H.W. McIntyre - Was born in Orange County, Vermont, in 1834. When he was twenty years of age he went to Canada, where he remained for three years. He then went to Elmira, New York. In 1870 he came to California, and became agent for the Alaska Company. In 1881 he came to Napa County, and is now engaged in viniculture near St. Helena.

Richard E.F. Moore - The subject of this sketch was born in Green County, Kentucky, October 11,1825. When but five years of age. his parents moved to Missouri, locating in Callaway County, and followed farming for five years, when they moved to Monroe County, same State, where the subject of this sketch resided until his coming to California, in the meantime having learned the carpenter's trade, which he followed until April, 1850, when in that year, in company with one brother and two nephews, he started with ox-teams across the plains to the Golden State, and, after a trip of five months, arrived in Weaverville, Placer County, California, where he followed mining until the fall of 1851, when he returned via Panama to his home in Missouri. Again, in 1853 he started across the plains with a drove of cattle to California. On arriving in the Sacramento Valley, he sold his interest in the stock and located at Gold Hill and engaged in the grocery business, where he resided until the fall of 1855. In 1857 he came to Napa County, and leased his present place, and in 1858 bought the same, consisting of four hundred and eighty acres, eight miles from Napa City. He was united in marriage, near Soscol, January 22, 1862, to Miss Hannah Davis. They have three living children, Mary A., William C. and Lelia Ada.

J.A. McClelland - Was born in Franklin County, Pennsylvania, February 20,1842. At the age of eighteen he went West and remained till 1859. In 1860 he came to California via Panama, arriving at San Francisco, March 12th. He went to Santa Clara where he engaged in clerking in a mercantile house, which he followed for five years. In 1865 he became connected with the San Francisco and San Jose Railroad, and remained in their employ for one year. He then came to Napa and engaged in the mercantile business which he has since followed. He was married in 1868 to Anna West, a native of New York.

T.B. McClure - Was born in Enox County, Indiana, November 18, 1815. At the age of twenty-one years he went to Clark County, Illinois, and began the merchandise business in Martinsville, which he followed for fifteen years. In 1856, he came to California via Panama, arriving November 12th. He immediately engaged in mercantile pursuits in Napa City, where the Bank of Napa now stands, which he followed for two years. He then began farming, and in 1859, he purchased his present place. He was married October 11,1841, to Margaret McCord, who was born in Kentucky, January 15, 1817. Their children are, David, born July 10,1842; John S., born January 28,1844; Margaret A., born October 9,1850, and Elizabeth, born March 28,1858.

General John F. Miller - Whose portrait will be found in the body of this work, is as widely known as any man in the State of California; and no man in the country stands better with his people than he. He is in the very prime of life, being barely fifty years old He has a strong constitution, splendidly preserved with simple habits, that ought to keep him in health for forty years yet. There was nothing in his youth that was remarkable. His family was in comfortable circumstances, and thus he was spared that bitter hardship of youth that many of our great men had to endure. He was born in Indiana, in 1831, his parents being Virginians. When he was about two years old, his father, who was a banker, farmer, legislator and general business man, moved to South Bend, Indiana. When old enough, the boy was sent to the common schools and academies of the time, and after a while he was sent to a preparatory school in Chicago and fitted for college. If he did not like the college and ran away, he did no more than many a boy did before him, and many a one has done since. When he was about eighteen he began the study of the law, and was graduated in 1852 at the New York State Law School, with the title of Bachelor of Laws. He began practice in South Bend, but his health failing, he went to California by way of the Isthmus in 1853. He was so well pleased with the infant Golden State that he took up his residence within its borders, and practiced his profession for three years, when he returned to Indiana. In 1857 he married Miss Chess, who belongs to one of the oldest and best families in Pennsylvania, and who for many generations have been large property holders in the Monongahela Valley. He was successful in his profession in Indiana, and began to make a name in the State. In 1860 he was in the State Senate, but resigned to go into the war. Morton, the great war Governor, was greatly attached to Mr. Miller, and placed him on his staff when the Rebellion broke out, with the rank of Colonel. Previous to this, however, he made a strong record for himself on the stump in the Freinont campaign of 1856. During all the years of the war Mr. Miller was prominent, serving under Sherman, Buell, Rosecrans and Thomas, as Colonel of the 29th Indiana Regiment, He commanded a brigade almost from the beginning of hostilities in the West, and was known throughout the Army of the Cumberland as one of the bravest officers in the service. At the battle of Stone River, in December, 1862, he achieved his greatest reputation. At the head of his brigade he charged across the river, and drove Breckenridge from his position. One of his old officers, Captain Vance, who is not only an old soldier, but also an author and a gentleman, has been seen to shed tears when describing the bravery and brilliancy of General Miller on that occasion. He was shot with a musket ball in the neck in this famous charge. He was afterwards complimented in general orders, and also, better yet, promoted. He was again wounded at Liberty Gap, while leading another charge of his brigade. It was at the moment of victory, when his troops were wild with joy, that he was struck down with another musket ball, which entered his left eye, and lodged in the bones of the forehead. The surgeons called it "beautiful." The eye, of course, was destroyed; but the singular part of the accident is, that the ball remained in his head until 1876, when it was extracted by a surgeon in California, and was found to weigh over an ounce. The idea of carrying an ounce of lead in one's bead for twelve years, even for glory, is not a very agreeable one in time of peace. During all those years General Miller was not without pain. What he suffered they of the hospital and home-guard brigades will never know. Surgeons were afraid to remove the ball, fearing that it might destroy the sight of the other eye, or affect the brain. The pain, however, drove the sufferer to desperation, and he said he would rather die than endure it any longer. At the battle of Nashville he commanded the left division of eight thousand men, and was breveted a Major-General for conspicuous bravery. At the close of the war he was offered a high commission in the regular army, which he declined, and returned to California. He was appointed Collector of the Port of San Francisco, and at the expiration of four years was offered a reappointment, but declined to accept it. He then devoted himself to commercial pursuits, and acquired a fortune. He was Presidential Elector at Large in 1872, again in 1876, and again in 1880. He was a member of the Constitutional Convention in 1879, and his speeches on public questions attracted wide attention. He has devoted a great deal of attention to the Chinese question, and his speeches and magazine articles are both able and brilliant. At the session of the Legislature of 1880-81 he was elected to the United States Senate, which position he now fills with honor. To him must be accorded the credit of breaking the famous "dead lock" in that body during the spring of 1881. It required a nerve of steel to perform that deed under the circumstances, but he was not lacking when the ordeal came. As a speaker he has few equals in the Senate. In the whole world there is not a more honest man in thought, word and deed. Senator Miller has been in the habit of spending three or four months every year in his beautiful country residence in Napa Valley, forty miles from San Francisco. People in the East who have never been in California, can have no adequate idea of the country places of the rich men of San Francisco. There are no such palaces anywhere in the country. The villa and grounds of Senator Miller present a scene of Oriental splendor, although they are by no means the most costly in the State. Nature has done much, but art has done more. The estate consists of one thousand one hundred acres. A lawn of four acres is superbly kept, and all manner of rare tropical plants and trees grow luxuriantly, while flowers in abundance bloom the whole year round. Add to this, fountains, drives, fish ponds, a vineyard of forty acres, a picturesque house of many rooms, and the loveliest piazzas in the world, a herd of thoroughbred stock, and more horses than he can use, and you may have some idea of Senator Miller's country residence. His family consists of a wife and one daughter. Personally, Senator Miller is a man of marked presence. He is tall and straight, with the figure of an athlete. A kindlier eye or a gentler smile was never seen. His hair is gray and black, a little thin on top of the head, and his moustache, which is rapidly turning gray, droops at the ends. His manners are characterized by simple dignity and frankness. He is not effusive in his professions or promises, but he is the farthest man in the world from being a statesman of the Napoleon school The great soldier once said of Metternich: "He comes near being a statesman, he lies so well" In this respect Senator Miller is a statesman of the George Washington school, which is not only better, but rarer.

J.J. McIntire - Was born in Ohio, December 24,1835. When he was quite young his parents died, and at the age of fourteen he began the battle of life for himself. He went to Kentucky, where he worked on a farm till 1856, when he came overland to California, coming direct to Napa County. He worked for wages for the first three years, and in 1859, he rented land on the Yount Tract for two years, and then bought land about two miles from his present place. In 1877, he purchased his present place, consisting of seven hundred and fifty acres. February 4,1864, he married Mrs. Elizabeth Walters, relict of Solomon Walters. They have one child, Henry Clay, born June 16,1865.

William Moore - Was born in Ireland in 1810. When he was eight years of age his parents moved to Quebec, Canada, thence to Montreal, and thence, the next year, to Champlain, New York, and thence, at the end of one year, to a place on the Ottawa River two hundred miles above Montreal, where he resided till 1857. He then came to California, arriving April 21st He went to Suisun, Solano County, and farmed for two years. In 1860, he moved to his present place of four hundred and eighty acres, and is now chiefly engaged in farming and stock raising. He was married December 15, 1845, to Miss Mary McCann, a native of Ireland. Their children are, William, Charles, Ann J., Bessie, Kittle, Mary, Hannah, Gilbert and John.

Stewart Newcomer - Son of Jacob and Elizabeth Hershey Newcomer, was born in Fayette County, Pennsylvania, January 9,1840. He resided at his birthplace until nineteen years of age, and was educated at the common schools of his native county. In 1859 he came to California via Panama, and arrived in San Francisco in March of the above year. On his arrival he proceeded to the mines, and first began operations at Sonora, Tuolumne County, and continued mining in that vicinity for three years. In 1862 he began teaming from Mariposa to Coulterville, and soon after, in connection with this, he opened a stage line from Sonora to Yosemite. At this business he continued till 1868, when he returned East, and after a short visit he once more returned to this State, and began farming in the San Joaquin Valley, which he continued until 1871. He then came to Pope Valley, Napa County, where he has since resided. Mr. Newcomer was united in marriage to Miss Mary Johnson, April 30, 1868, a native of Ohio, born August 16,1848. By this union they have four children, Maggie B., Bessie, Jacob and Abraham.

Nicolai Lauritz Nielsen - Was born in Copenhagen, Denmark, December 6,1847, and resided at his birthplace until he was eighteen years of age, and received his education in private schools. In 1865, he came to America, and followed the sea for the first two years. He came to San Francisco in 1867, and remained there for two years, being engaged as clerk in a grocery store. He then went to Vallejo, where he followed the same business for about eighteen months. In June, 1871, he came to Napa City and began clerking for Thompson & Beard, which he followed till 1879, when he was elected to the office of County Clerk and Recorder on the Republican ticket, which position he still fills to the entire satisfaction of the people, and his gentlemanly and courteous manner has won for him a host of friends. He was married November 15,1871, to Miss Caroline Robertson, a native of Norway, born December 1,1854. Their children are, Sophia, Christine, Nicolai Lauritz and Leo Mabel.

John G. Norton - Son of John C. and Elizabeth Sterling Norton, was born in Oswego County, New York, September 30,1835, and resided at his birthplace until he was twenty-one years of age, where he was educated at the common schools, and afterward followed farming. November 5,1856, found the subject of this sketch on board the steamer "Illinois," bound for California via Panama; and on the Pacific side he took passage on board the "Golden Gate" for San Francisco, arriving December 1st of the same year. He immediately proceeded to Napa Valley and worked in the employ of his brother on a farm near Dry Creek, and afterwards worked for different parties in the county, but finally located in Napa City, where he worked as helper in his brother's blacksmith shop and remained one year. At the breaking out of the Fraser River excitement, he, with many others, started for the new El Dorado, but being somewhat disappointed in the size of the "nuggets," he returned to Napa County and to his brother's shop, where he remained for two years. He was then married and leased several different farms until 1866, when he purchased his present valuable property of sixty-seven acres, two miles south of St. Helena, and is principally engaged in viniculture. Mr. Norton is married and has three children, whose names are, Frank E, Katie M,, and Annie Maud Fisher.

Abram W. Norton - Son of John C. and Elizabeth Sterling Norton, was born in Herkimer County, New York, May 7,1827, and is now fifty-four years of age. When he was two years of age, his parents moved to Oswego County, same State, where he resided until he was eighteen years of age, having the advantages of the common schools of those days. Mr. Norton at eighteen, went to Syracuse, New York, and began an apprenticeship to the blacksmith and machine trade, and in this capacity served six years, until January, 1852, when, on the 5th of that month, he sailed from New York on the steamer "Permelia," for California, via Panama. At that place, he boarded the steamer "North America." After being out two days, the steamer was wrecked, and from Valparaiso he went to Acapulco by land, and there they boarded an old bark which took eighty of them to San Francisco, arriving May 1st of that year, after a stormy passage of four mouths. He immediately came to Napa City, where the first four months were spent on the farm of his brother, Martin Norton, now deceased. He then began to work at his trade in the employ of John Guthrie, and continued for five months. He then purchased the shop owned by John Robinson and began business for himself, which he continued until 1870. He then had a vacation for two years, and in 1872, Mr. Norton purchased an interest in the present firm of B. F. Sawyer & Co., engaged in the tannery business, located in Napa City, of which a full history will be found elsewhere in this book. The subject of our sketch was married to Miss Mary E. Johnson, October 28,1855, who was born in Genesee County, New York, May 1,1831, and died February 6,1875. By this union he has five living children: Ida M., born August 5,1857; Homer F., born October 17, I860; Harriet L., born June 12, 1863; Grade A, born October 17,1865, and William EL, born December 24, 1867. Mr. Norton's second marriage occurred May 30,1876, to Mrs. Frances Harrington, a native of Michigan. By this union they have one child, Burta, born January 26,1878.

Frank M. Nottage - Son of Samuel F. and Mary F. Hamlin Nottage, was born in Chelsea, Suffolk County, Massachusetts, August 12,1855, and resided there until March, 1878, and received his education in the meantime, graduating from the Chelsea High School in 1873. He came to California in the last mentioned year, and became associated with Joshua Frye, and in August, 1880, he became an equal partner with him in the general merchandise business which they are conducting at Rutherford, tinder the firm name of Frye & Nottage. He is unmarried.

George Osborn - Was born in Kislingberg, England, March 23, 1824. At the age of four years he came with his parents to America, and first located in Hudson, New York, and attended school and followed farming for ten years, and after the same length of time spent in Oneida County, same State, he moved to Wareham, Massachusetts, and there was employed in a foundry for three years. In 1848 we find Mr. Osborn in Ogle County, Illinois, engaged in farming, where he resided until 1868, when he started via Panama, and arrived in San Francisco June 5th of the above year. After a short stay in Santa Clara Valley he moved to Napa County, purchasing his present homestead of nine acres, located inside the limits of St. Helena, and is engaged in viniculture and fruit-growing. Mr. Osborn was married in Middleborough, Massachusetts, May 14,1848, to Miss Phoebe W. Hall, a native of that place. They have one daughter, Eveline, now Mrs. P. W. Grigsby.

James Carroll Owen - Was born in Schuyler County, Illinois, January 23,1831, and is the son of Thomas Harvey and Mary Paine Owen. When he was still an infant his parents moved to Hancock County, Illinois, where he received his education at the common schools. April 28, 1849, he, with his father and brother, L. F., started across the plains to California, arriving in March of the next year, being delayed at Council Blluffs on account of the sickness of their father. They arrived at Salt Lake October 21st, and left November 12th, going the southern route, and after traveling through four hundred miles of snow, they arrived at Los Angeles March 7, 1850. They proceeded to the Tuolumne River, where they established a ferry, which they conducted until 1852, when they went to Solano County, where they engaged in stock raising with Robert Cannon. In 1856 he went to Suisun, and engaged in the livery business. In 1857 he introduced the first water-works in that place. In 1862 he engaged in keeping the Pacific Hotel In 1863 he ran a butcher shop. He then engaged in the liquor business, which he followed till 1867. During all this time he had worked a great deal at the carpenter's business, having shingled the first house in Suisun. In 1867 he moved to Zem Zem and engaged in the cattle business. He then turned his attention to the sheep business. He kept a hotel at Zem Zem, and opened the excellent sulphur spring at his place, which he named Zem Zem, which means "healing waters." He has helped to open two quicksilver mines, both of which he has sold. In December, 1869, he established the Zem Zem post-office. He was married January 22,1857, to Miss Phoebe Rush, who was born in South Bend, Indiana, October 2,1837. Their children are: Luticia Adeline, born March 5.1858; Dora Etta, born September 9, 1869; Mary Ella, born February 6,1863, and Charles Clinton, born December 22,1866.

Edwin G. Olsen - Son of Ole Hansen and Anne Pedersen, was born in Fredrikshald, Norway, June 7,1848. At his birthplace he resided until his twenty-first year, during which time he learned the tailoring trade. In 1869 he proceeded to Christiana, the capital of Norway, where he worked at his trade until March 28,1873. He then immigrated to America, settling in Brooklyn, New York, where he was employed at his trade until March, 1877, when he started for California, first locating in San Francisco for a few months, when Mr. Olsen with his present partner, Mr. Hansen, came to Napa City and began their present business, that of merchant tailoring. Mr. Olsen still enjoys the foil: happiness of bachelorhood.