Don Cayetano Juarez - This pioneer of pioneers, whose portrait it gives us great pleasure to present to our readers, was born at Monterey Presidio, February 24,1809, and is the seventh son of Joaquin and Josefa Pasquala Garduno Juarez. He received his education from private tutors. April 1,1827, he enlisted in the Mexican Army, under Lieutenant Martinez and Alferez Sanches, and was located at Presidio, San Francisco, until August 14th of that year, when he, with the company, was sent to Sonoma to keep the Indians of Napa and Sonoma Valleys in subjection. At this time there was also another company located at San Bafael. Their duty for three months was to take a survey of the town every night and morning, including a circle of about two miles of the adjacent country. One night in the latter part of September a very curious and unnaccountable phenomenon occurred. Suddenly it grew extremely hot, and the heavens were all ablaze like as though every star of the firmament was falling. The priests came forth with their crucifixes and implored protection from what seemed to be a pending destruction, while the soldiers were frightened extremely at the unusual occurrence. Nothing more of importance occurred during the years 1827-8. On the night of February 19,1829, while the Don was acting as corporal, an Indian came to him and stated that two thousand Indians had made an attack upon the Mission at San Rafael, and had driven the soldiers and their families away, and that they intended to kill the priest, Ivan Amorosa. He immediately took five soldiers and started for Mission San Rafael, and on his arrival found that everything was destroyed or stolen, and the place completely devastated. On searching around they found some of the Mission Indians and soldiers who had been driven away, And they told him that the priest was hid in the tules near by. He hunted him up and escorted him to where Saucelito now stands, and the tame Indians took him to Yerba Buena on a balsa. Juarez then returned to Mission San Rafael to search for ammunition preparatory to making a campaign against the Indians, but only found some shot and powder, and some Mexican coins. He then took his party of five, and a few who joined them at San Rafael, and started in pursuit of the Indians. They overtook them at the Laguna south-west of where Petaluma now stands. There was a man in advance of the main party, who was acting as pilot, and when the wild Indians saw him they made a rush for him to kill him. He turned his horse to flee, but it became mired in the mud, and the man was obliged to dismount and desert his horse, which the Indians killed. The main body came up at this time, and the Indians beat a hasty retreat, retiring to a clump of willows which grew near by. Here the brave Juarez and his daring little band surrounded them, and stood guard all day, trying to get a chance to shoot some of the lurking Indians. Toward night Juarez hailed them and dared them to come out and fight, but they said they would not fight till the next morning. Fearing that the Indians would come out and overcome them in the darkness, the Mexicans retired to a secluded spot about one thousand yards away and camped for the night. Early in the morning the party returned, but found no Indians. They soon struck the trail and followed it, and about eleven o'clock they came up with the Indians at the Wahluni rancheria, near where Sebastopol, Sonoma County, now stands. He found them just arriving at this place, and they were strung out for a half a mile. They had some two hundred tame Indians along with them as prisoners, which they had captured at San Rafael. The party opened fire on them with their muskets, and the Indians got frightened and broke the ranks which were guarding the prisoners, and the tame Indians came gladly enough over to where Juarez and his party were. They left the tame Indians in charge of the plunder, and pursued the wild ones, who had taken refuge in a dense thicket of underbrush which grew close at hand. They then pushed the attack into the thicket, hoping to be able to kill the chief of the band, whom they saw in the center of it. Jaurez took the lead, followed by one of his men, and they had not penetrated the jungle but a short distance when Juarez saw the head of an Indian pop up, and, drawing a bead on him, he exclaimed, "I will shoot you!" Before he was able to fire an Indian at his left rose up suddenly, and sent an arrow whizzing at him. It just grazed his arm, and, passing through a vest of seven thicknesses of rawhide, it penetrated his body about three-quarters of an inch. Had it not been for this rawhide coat of mail the arrow would have pierced his heart The man behind him shot the Indian, and they both retired to where the tame Indians were. Among their number there was the medicine man, who proceeded at once to gather herbs and dress the wound which Juarez had received. He had one also in his leg. They then sent the tame Indians to San Rafael, and Juarez and one man returned to Sonoma. This was on the evening of the 20th, having done all this in two days. He then dispatched an Indian to the Presidio, San Francisco, with an account of what had occurred. A body of forty men was sent out from there with small arms, and they proceeded as far as the present site of Healdsburg, when they came upon the Indians and engaged them in battle, the result of which was a victory on the part of the Indians. Most of the soldiers being wounded, they beat a retreat and returned to San Francisco, not having accomplished as much as did Juarez and his little band. Nothing further of importance occurred during the military career of Don Cayetano, and he was discharged honorably February 19, 1836, receiving his discharge at the Presidio, San Francisco. In the winter of 1837-8 he brought horses and cattle into Napa Valley, herding them during the day and returning home at night to Sonoma, where his family then lived. In December, 1837, about fifty of General Vallejo's soldiers formed a mutiny and swore that they would kill the officers in charge, General Vallejo, Salvador Vallejo, Alferez Pena, Sasuro Pena and Prado Mesa. About ten o'clock at night General Vallejo sent for Juarez to come immediately as he apprehended trouble. Juarez repaired to the General's quarters, and found that official in a high state of excitement, believing that he was liable to lose bis life at any moment. He stated the case to his friend Juarez and asked his advice regarding how to proceed in the premises. It was found that the cause of the dissatisfaction among the soldiers, was the fact that they had been illy provided with clothing. As he came out of Vallejo's house to go out among the men to try to pacify them, he was met by a soldier who tried to strike his companion, Alferez Pena, over the head with a club. This Jaurez prevented by stepping between the two men. He then went and talked to the mutineers and promised them that they should not be harmed if they desisted from further acts of violence, and also that their wants should be supplied in the way of clothing. They finally agreed to go into the hall or assembly-room, and then General Vallejo came and talked with them, making similar statements. The next day the leader of the gang, one Alferez Damaso, was captured near where Napa now is, and taken to Sonoma and tried, by a court-martial, in accordance with military rules. The prisoner confessed his guilt, and signified his willingness to accept any punishment the Court might mete out to him. His sentence was banishment, and accordingly, he was transferred to the south side of the bay and let go where he chose. In 1839, General Vallejo took a notion that it would be a capital thing to have some Indian soldiers, so he picked out twenty-four of the Indians about the place and armed them and put Sergeant Savaz in charge of them to initiate them into the mysteries of the manual of arms, and to train them to leave off their inborn habit of marching single file, and to present a solid front in ranks. It worked well for a while, and the Indians were found to be very apt scholars, but trouble grew out of the General's pet project. One night in December, Don Cayetano was awakened about eleven o'clock from his quiet slumbers and pleasant dreams, by Sergeant Savaz knocking at his door. Upon inquiring what was wanted, he was informed that General Vallejo desired his immediate presence at his house. Don dressed and hastened to the General's domicile, to find that dignitary wonderfully excited over the fact that his twenty-four Indians had taken their guns and surreptitiously fled to the wilderness, whence they came. The Don was consulted as to the best method of procedure in the premises, and was asked if he thought he could do anything in the way of recapturing the crafty sons of the jungle. The Don told him that he thought he could take one man, if he had commission so to do, and return the deserters all right. Accordingly, he was despatched, taking with him only one man, to capture a band of twenty-four armed Indians. When the General asked the Don to undertake the enterprise, the Don replied that there were an abundance of soldiers in the barracks, and why not send them? The General replied that he could put confidence in the Don, and knew that whatever he undertook would be accomplished. The Don and his companion came as far as the Napa River, near the mouth of Carneros Creek, where they captured one of the deserters. Just then a squad of twenty men under the command of Captain Pena, which the General had sent out as a sort of reinforcement to the Don, came up. Pena was for killing the prisoner, right there, but the Don would not hear to it, stating that the prisoner belonged to him, and not to Pena. The Don then captured the parents of four more of the deserters in the hills near Sonoma. He then heard that the rest of them were in the vicinity of where Vacaville now stands, and he pushed over the mountains in that direction, being followed by Pena's squad. Near where Suisun now stands, they came up with the Don, and they all rode on together. The deserters were found in the mountains near the Tolenas Springs, on a mountain called Tolenas, and the party attempted to surround them, but were unable to do so. Prince Solano was met at this juncture with a band of his braves who were out hunting, and with their assistance the Indians were captured. They then surrounded the Indians, and the Don went out to talk with them to persuade them to return peaceably to the Presidio at Sonoma. While he was engaged in conversation with them they opened fire upon him, and fired four shots, none of which took effect. He faced the guns bravely, and kept talking to them. Finally, the leader of the deserters came out, and Pena told him to kneel down as he was going to kill him. This the Don forbade positively, and he and Pena quarreled right there about the matter. Pena's men all came over to the Don's side. He then got the deserters all in hand and marched them back to Sonoma, and delivered them to General Vallejo, remarking at the same time, "When I go on a mission of any kind again don't send any one after me to do my work." In 1840, he, with his family, moved upon his present place, the Tulucay grant, which was ceded to him by the Mexican Government October 6th of that year. It was a two-league grant, lying on the east side of the Napa River, between Soscol Creek on the south, and Clarks Creek on the north, and contained eight thousand eight hundred and sixty-five and fifty-eight one hundredths acres. During the year 1840 he built his first or smaller adobe house, which is still to be seen on the east side of the road leading to Vallejo. In 1845 he built his second and larger adobe, which is also still standing. In 1844 he was elected Alcalde of the District of Sonoma. In 1844, about twenty Americans assembled near where Healdsburg now stands, and Don Cayetano took a force of men and went and drove them away. The excitement then began to grow hotter and hotter, and the Mexicans and Americans began to look upon each other with general distrust. This finally culminated in what is known as the Bear Flag War. On Sunday, June 14,1846, the Americans captured Sonoma Presidio, took General Vallejo and ail therein prisoners, and raised the Bear Flag. The Don heard of this, and at once sent one of his boys to Sonoma to inquire of General Vallejo whether or not he wanted to be succored, to which the General returned answer that he did not need any assistance, and requested the Don to rest easy, as he was in good hands. June 18,1846, he was sent for to join the Mexicans, who proposed to engage in a war with the Americans. The place of rendezvous was at the Cotate Rancho, south of Santa Rosa. When he arrived he found that the Spaniards had taken two Americans prisoners, William Todd and another man, a sort of half-witted fellow, whom they proposed to kill. The Don interposed for the two men and saved their lives. These men were recaptured from the Mexicans at the Olonpoli rancheria in Marin County, a few days later. The Don then went to Santa Rosa, and on his return he ran across a man in the dark. A few days later, on the 25th of June, Dr. Semple came to his place and was going to arrest him for being a member of Ramon Carrillo's barbarous crowd, who fearfully and cruelly mutilated Cowie and Fowler, near Santa Rosa. The Don told the doctor that he respected his authority and the strong arm of war, but did not think it was right to take a neutral citizen away from the bosom of his family and his business under the circumstances. He then told him where he was on the day of the occurrence referred to above, and what he was doing, how he had gone to the rendezvous to meet the Spaniards, and how he had saved Todd's life, etc. The doctor believed that he was telling the truth, and so allowed him to go in peace, and gave him a passport to preserve him from molestation by other Americans, who did not know him to be a truthful man. The next day he received a notice from Captain John Grigsby to come to Sonoma to give an account of his connection with the Carillo party. This he did not heed, and within the next three days he received ten other notices to come to Sonoma for the same purpose. He then went and was asked iŁ.he had been with the Carrillo party, to which he answered " Yes;" and then related how he had saved the lives of the two men. Captain Grigsby then gave him another passport. December 19, 1846, ex-Governor L. W. Boggs and party, just arrived overland from the East, came along and remained over night with him. In February, 1848, he was called to answer to a charge made against him by one Fernando Feliz, saying he told the Indians to kill the whites. Juarez had secured the services of Indians to guard his property in Ukiah, he being the owner then of the Ukiah grant. One Spaniard, Manuel Sais, was killed in a skirmish. Captain Brock told Juarez that he had heard that he had told the Indians to kill any white men that came into the Ukiah Valley. When Juarez stated to the Captain that he had only told the Indians that if any white men came there and interfered with their women to defend themselves, the Captain let him go. In 1849 there were thirty men who were coming to kill him, and he went to Napa and told Judge Kilburn, George Cornwell, Johnson Horrell, Turner G. Baxter, and others, and they said they would assist him. The next day the party got as far as the graveyard (Tulucay Cemetery), when they turned back, and passed through Napa, and thence to Sonoma. In August, 1846, General Fremont passed by his place with one hundred and fifty men. Sixty of them came to the Juarez ranch and killed cattle and took horses and saddles. He followed them as far as Green Valley, where he told Fremont what they had done, and he made his men give the saddles back to him. Don Cayetano Juarez was united in marriage, February 14,1835, to Maria de Jesus Hignerra, daughter of Francisco Higuerra. She was born in San Francisco, December 4,1815. They have seven living children: Augustin, born August 28,1850; Cayetano P., born April 28,1852; Dolores, born April 7,1854; Francisca J., born October 16,1856 ; Pasquala, born June 28,1846; Domitila, born November 22,1839; Sinforosa, born May 3,1838.

Asa M. Jackson - Was born in Clarke County, Georgia, March 17, 1842, and is the son of Hartwell and Sarah Jackson. At the age of ten he left his native county with his parents, and moved to Jackson County, that State, where he received his education at the common schools of that county. At the breaking out of the war in 1860 we find the subject of this sketch a member of Company " L," 3d Regiment, Georgia Infantry, in which he served until July 23, 1863, when he was captured at Gettysburg and taken as prisoner to Fort Delaware, and was there confined for over three months, and then removed to Point Lookout, where he remained for over one year. He was then exchanged, and discharged in Savannah, November 4,1864, and immediately returned to his home in Jackson County, Georgia, and engaged in agricultural pursuits in company with his brother, H. D., until 1870, when he came to California and to Napa County, and first was employed by J. H. Bostwick to work on a ranch, afterwards taking charge of the same, in which capacity we find him now employed. He was married November 16,1873, to Miss Lucy J. Gillaspie, who was born near Soscol, Napa County, December 27,1855. The names and ages of their children are as follows: Henry G., born January 20,1875; Georgia, born February 7, 1877; Robert Cleveland, born December 13,1879, and Hartwell, born August 23,1881. They also have one orphan child, Anna Isabella Moore, born in San Francisco, August 20,1865.

Richard P. Johnston - The subject of this sketch is the son of David and Jane Purchase Johnston, and was born in Flushing, Long Island, June 18,1853, where he resided until he was thirteen years of age, and then his parents moved and settled in Garden City, Blue Earth County, Minnesota, where the subject of our sketch remained for two years. He then moved west to Madelia, Watonwan County, and was engaged with his brother-in-law, B. G. Yates, for three years, in a store. He then worked for two years on his father's farm; then secured a situation in a store in Mankato, and remained there for two years. He then, in the spring of 1874, started for Colorado and engaged in the stock business with his brother, Robert A. In the fall of that year he crossed the mountains to California, first locating in Calistoga, where he found employment in the dry goods store of H. Getleson & Co. In the fall of 1876 he made a visit home, where he sojourned about one year. He again started West, and after traveling through most of the Territories, finally settled in Calistoga, and is now employed in his former position, as head salesman for H. Getleson. Mr. Johnston has served as Recorder for the Calistoga Mining District, and in the spring of 1881 was elected School Trustee of Calistoga District, a position he now holds. He was united in marriage July 24,1879, to Helen V. Lovejoy, who was born in Columbus, Michigan, February 1,1860. By this union they have one son, Frank H.